The first particle of the medium begins vibrating, at say 500 Hz, and begins to set the second particle into vibrational motion at the same frequency of 500 Hz. This is sensible since each particle vibrates due to the motion of its nearest neighbor. A commonly used unit for frequency is the Hertz (abbreviated Hz), where 1 Hertz = 1 vibration/secondĪs a sound wave moves through a medium, each particle of the medium vibrates at the same frequency. If a particle of air undergoes 1000 longitudinal vibrations in 2 seconds, then the frequency of the wave would be 500 vibrations per second. The frequency of a wave is measured as the number of complete back-and-forth vibrations of a particle of the medium per unit of time. The frequency of a wave refers to how often the particles of the medium vibrate when a wave passes through the medium. Regardless of what vibrating object is creating the sound wave, the particles of the medium through which the sound moves is vibrating in a back and forth motion at a given frequency. The vibrating object that creates the disturbance could be the vocal cords of a person, the vibrating string and sound board of a guitar or violin, the vibrating tines of a tuning fork, or the vibrating diaphragm of a radio speaker. The vibrating object is the source of the disturbance that moves through the medium. A sound wave, like any other wave, is introduced into a medium by a vibrating object.
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